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How is lawful detention characterized?

  1. By a polite request to answer questions

  2. By an assertion of authority making someone believe they are not free to leave

  3. By the absence of any officer presence

  4. By reassuring a person they are free to go

The correct answer is: By an assertion of authority making someone believe they are not free to leave

Lawful detention is characterized by an assertion of authority that leads an individual to believe they are not free to leave. This means that a law enforcement officer must clearly indicate their authority by using verbal commands or actions that create a situation where the individual feels compelled to stay and respond to the officer's inquiries. This type of detention is based on the understanding that the officer has a legal reason to stop the person, which could be due to a reasonable suspicion of a crime or a need to ensure the safety of everyone involved. The key element here is the clear communication of authority that confines the person's movement temporarily, making it distinct from a mere conversation where a person feels free to leave at any time. The other options do not accurately describe lawful detention as they either imply a lack of authority or the officer suggesting that the person can leave, which would indicate the absence of a lawful basis for the detention. Thus, the correct understanding revolves around the assertion of authority and the perception of freedom of movement by the individual being detained.